Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) has officially been renamed Polyendocrine Metabolic Ovarian Syndrome (PMOS), following a landmark 14-year collaboration between Monash University, medical experts, researchers, and patients worldwide.

The announcement was made by The Lancet on Tuesday, marking a significant shift in how the condition is understood and discussed globally. The condition affects around one in eight women, impacting more than 170 million people worldwide.

According to speakers at a press conference announcing the change, the previous name “Polycystic Ovary Syndrome” was considered misleading because it inaccurately suggested the condition was primarily a gynecological issue centered on ovarian cysts.

Patient advocacy and professional organisations, including the Endocrine Society, participated in the renaming process. Experts explained that the new term, PMOS, better reflects the complex nature of the condition by highlighting its hormonal, metabolic, and reproductive aspects rather than focusing solely on the ovaries.

The updated name aims to simplify public understanding of the condition while recognising its broad effects on the body. PMOS is associated with hormonal imbalances, metabolic complications, weight fluctuations, skin issues, mental health challenges, and reproductive health concerns.

A three-year international transition period will now begin, supported by educational campaigns and awareness initiatives involving healthcare professionals, researchers, and governments worldwide. The updated terminology is expected to be formally incorporated into the 2028 International Guideline update.

“The thought behind that is that there’s no cysts in the ovary, so it’s very confusing,” said Dr Melanie Cree, of the pediatric endocrinology department at the University of Colorado. She added, “The hope was that with a more comprehensive and accurate name change, that it would start to enable and push better care.”

The conference also highlighted the contributions of Lorna Berry, an Australian woman living with PMOS who played a key role in the renaming initiative. “This is about accountability and progress,” she said.

Berry added, “It is about my daughters, their daughters, and the countless women yet to be born. We deserve clarity, understanding, and equitable healthcare from the very beginning.”

Rachael Morman, chair of Verity, also welcomed the change, saying the new name properly acknowledges the hormonal and metabolic dimensions of the condition.

“It is fantastic that the new name now leads with hormones and recognises the metabolic dimension of the condition,” she said. She concluded, “This shift will reframe the conversation and demand that it is taken as seriously as the long-term, complex health condition it is.”